【摘要】 分析土壤侵蚀监测的尺度大小问题,认为在南方红壤区,区域尺度面积范围在500 km2以上较为合理,属于土壤侵蚀宏观监测范畴。将人机交互目视解译法、RUSLE模型法和流域卡口站观测法3种方法应用于江西省兴国县潋水河中尺度流域内,进行土壤侵蚀监测及对比。结果表明:用人机交互目视解译法监测的2000年土壤侵蚀量最大,约是流域卡口站观测结果的6.2倍,约是模型法监测结果的1.9倍,差异很大。其主要原因是流域卡口站观测法只观测了悬移质输沙量,推移质输沙量无法观测。此外,利用模型法,不同比例尺DEM对监测结果影响很大,其差异主要体现在土壤侵蚀强度为轻度和微度级别上。在分析不同监测方法对土壤侵蚀监测结果差异的基础上,对我国今后土壤侵蚀宏观监测工作提出了建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper mainly analyses how the methods affects the soil erosion monitoring results.Three monitoring methods are used in the research: the simulation using RUSLE model,the estimation from visual interpretation soil erosion map and field observation at the outlet of the Lianshui River Basin in 2000.The results show that the amount of soil erosion by the method of visual interpretation is the biggest,which is about 6.2 times of the observation value and 1.9 times of the result from the RUSLE model.The research also reveals that the scale of the DEM also affects the simulation results when using RUSLE model,and that the difference between the results of two DEM data with different scale is main caused by the variation of total area of slight erosion and none erosion grade.The article also gives some advices on how to realize soil erosion monitoring at the regional scale.更多还原