【摘要】 2006年9～11月在四川省若尔盖县铁布自然保护区,对四川梅花鹿发情期的声行为进行了初步观测,结果表明:在发情期,四川梅花鹿的发声行为可分为雌、雄鹿的报警叫声,雄鹿的吼叫声和求偶叫声。雌鹿的报警叫声持续时间257～539ms,频率范围1409.5～4474.6Hz,主频率3534.8±89.12Hz;雄鹿的报警叫声持续时间136～187ms,频率范围271.8～3910.5Hz,主频率3244.3±79.32Hz;两者在持续时间、最低频率、最高频率上差异极显著(P<0.01),在间隔时间上差异不显著(P=0.624)。吼叫是雄鹿的主要发情行为之一。雄鹿每次吼叫1声,持续时间1580～4972ms,频率范围234.6～6171.4Hz,主频率2264.6±166.44Hz。雄鹿吼叫声的主频率存在显著的个体差异(P<0.01)。在整个吼叫过程中,一只雄鹿的吼叫常会引起周围其它雄鹿的吼叫反应。雄鹿每日吼叫的次数与其在繁殖群中的等级序列有关,不同序列等级雄鹿的吼叫频次存在显著差异(P<0.01)。雄鹿的吼叫声在白天和夜晚均能听到,但主要发生在06:00～08:00、17:00～19:00和01:00～03:00三个时间段。四川梅花鹿雄鹿的求偶叫声有4种,其生物学意义与发情炫耀、追逐、激惹和爬跨等行为有关。更多还原

【Abstract】 We studied vocal behavior of Sichuan sika deer(Cervus nippon sichuanicus)in Tiebu Nature Reserve,Sichuan Province,from 20 September to the 15 November 2006.We documented three types of calls:alarm call(in both sexes),roaring(males only)and rutting call(males only).Alarm calls of males had durations of 136 to 187 ms,a frequency range of 271.8-3910.5 Hz,and the principal frequency was 3244.3±79.32 Hz.Alarm calls of females had durations of 257 to 539 ms,a frequency range of 1409.5-4474.6 Hz,and the principal frequency was 3534.8±89.12 Hz.Duration,minimum frequency,and maximum frequency of male and female alarm calls differed(P<0.01).but intervals between alarm calls did not(P=0.624).Roars varied in duration from 1580 to 4972 ms,in frequency form 234.6 to 6171.4 Hz,and the principal frequency was 2264.6±166.44 Hz.The principal frequency of roar differed among males(P<0.01).During a roaring bout,the roar of one stag often aroused an oppositional roar of another stag.Frequency of the roaring was correlated with social rank-classes(primary males,secondary males and single males;P<0.01).Roaring was documented at all times of day,but peaks of roaring bouts occurred during 06:00-08:00,17:00-19:00,and 01:00-03:00.We identified four types of rutting calls among stags,associated with displaying,pursuing females,mounting females,and being aroused by females.更多还原