【摘要】 主要目的是通过对同位素在流域水文模拟应用中的一些假定、限制条件以及方法进行澄清和系统化,从而促进同位素在流域水文模拟中一些新的研究方向和研究热点。主要从三个方面,即同位素流量过程线分割、流域平均滞时与不同水源混合、与水文模型耦合,讨论同位素示踪剂在流域水文模拟中的研究进展情况。同时指出了同位素在流域水文模拟中应用存在的一些主要问题,包括:①降雨同位素含量的时空变化;②不同径流成分的采样;③径流输出同位素含量的空间变化;④流域平均滞时分布函数的确定;⑤水文同位素耦合模型。更多还原

【Abstract】 The objectives of this study are is to present the applications and assumptions and problems in the application of isotope tracer in watershed hydrological modeling and promote new advances and new research directions.An evaluation and review of the application of isotope tracer in watershed hydrological modeling are presented in the paper.It is motivated by new and emerging interests in isotope tracer application in hydrological modeling and the need to classify different directions.The review is focused on three issues including:(1) isotopic hydrograph separation,(2) mean residence time and mixing,and (3) coupled with hydrological model.Additionally,the review provides a critical analysis of unresoloved issues when applied in watershed hydrological modeling.These issues include:(1) temporal and spatial variation of isotopic concentration of precipitation,(2) sampling of different runoff,(3) spatial variation of isotopic concentration of different runoff,(4) the distribution function of mean residence time,and(5) coupled hydrological and isotopic model.更多还原