【摘要】 用于气候模型的陆地过程模型包括陆地水文过程模型和地球生物化学过程模型等,它们需要网格化的土壤物理和化学属性资料。目前,用于该类模型的土壤资料基本上是来源于20世纪70年代联合国粮农组织的1∶5000000土壤图和4300多个土壤剖面的属性资料,其中所用的中国地区的土壤剖面资料不足200个。这些资料显然不能很好地表达中国区域土壤的空间分异性。早在20世纪80年代中国就开展了大规模全国范围的土壤普查,积累了数以万计土壤剖面的属性资料,但都是纸质数据。根据需要,作者已数字化近10000个中国土壤剖面的属性数据。为了模型的应用,需要对属性数据进行空间网格化处理。但土壤具有高度的空间分异性,为了使网格数据具有好的空间代表性,需要对空间插值方法进行研究。利用空间插值的方法对土壤要素的空间变异的研究,已有大量工作,但所研究区域范围较小,要素单一。作者基于1∶1000000土壤地图,利用反距离权重空间插值法,对中国土壤属性进行了空间插值,最终结果表明:对于土壤中砂粒含量、粘粒含量、有机质值以及全氮含量的插值计算,基于相邻剖面反距离权重法的空间插值效果要优于同一土属下土种的空间插值;而对于粉粒含量、全磷含量和pH值的插值计算,利用同一土属下土种的空间插值效果则更优;对于土壤全钾含量的插值结果,两种方法相差不大。更多还原

【Abstract】 Land surface processes models,incorporated land hydrological processes and biogeochemical processes parameterizations and the others,require information on the soil physical and chemical properties,and their differences in soil horizons and the geographic variability.The existing soil data used for climate modeling are compiled from the Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations Soil Map of the World(1∶5 000 000)and the attribute data of soil profile more than 4 300.However,less than 200 profiles were collected for the conterminous China,and they are too sparse to represent the spatial heterogeneity of the soil in China.A conterminous China data set of soil physical and chemical characteristics has been compiled and digitized from about 10 000 sampled profiles of the Second National Soil Survey of China.For use in land surface modeling,soil attributes have to be interpolated as standardized gridded data set.The accuracy of the interpolation approach is critical for such kind of heterogeneous data set.No much works have been done on the spatial interpolation approach for the soil attributes,but some on individual attribute and on local scale.We applied the IDW(Inverse Distance Weighted)method to interpolate spatially about soil attribute,by using the database of 1∶1 000 000 digital soil map,the results demonstrate that the effect using neighboring section to interpolate is better than the interpolation using the same soil genera when applied the IDW to calculate the content of the sand,the clay,the organic matter and the total nitrogen,and the results are different when applied the IDW to calculate the content of the silt,the total phosphorus and the pH value.The two kinds of methods almost do not have any difference when calculated the kalium content.更多还原