【摘要】 中国湿地分布广,类型丰富,但存在着垦殖率高、碳密度较低、围垦损失严重等问题。估计我国湿地土壤碳库达8～10Pg,占全国陆地土壤总有机碳库的约1/10～1/8,过去50a间的损失可能达1.5Pg。围垦和过度放牧是我国湿地土壤退化和碳库损失的主要驱动因子。目前,湿地土壤碳库保护面临严峻的挑战,从应对气候变化和保护人类生存环境的战略高度切实加强湿地资源保护,可以为增强陆地生态系统碳汇、探寻温室气体减排的潜在途径提供技术支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wetland ecosystem is considered as one of the important ecosystems for life and human society sustainability, and also one of the most important terrestrial C stocks on the Earth. Therefore, conservation of wetland soil C stock may play a significant role in mitigation of increasing greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. China has widely-distributed wetlands with diverse types of wetland ecosystems. However, severe challenges such as intense shift to cultivation, low C density and C stock reduction due to cultivation have emerged since the 1950 ’s. It is estimated that China’s wetlands have a total C stock in the range of 8-10 Pg, in a proportion of one tenth to one eighth to the state total terrestrial C stock. A reduction of about 1.5 Pg in total C stock was also estimated for the last 50 years. Cultivation and over-grazing have been considered as the dominant forcing factors for this C reduction. Practical measures should be implemented in the near future for conserving wetland soil C stock and further for enhancing the total terrestrial C sink as China is facing a great pressure to mitigate the increasing greenhouse gas emissions.更多还原