【摘要】 白蛾黑基啮小蜂(Tetrastichus nigricoxae Yang)是我国杨树人工林主要食叶害虫——杨小舟蛾(Micromelalopha troglodyta Graeser)蛹期的一种内寄生性天敌。笔者对该蜂的形态、行为、发育、存活、繁殖等生物学特性进行观察。结果表明:白蛾黑基啮小蜂羽化1~2 d爬出蛹壳进行交配、产卵的时间分别为0.5~2 min、1~3 min。每头寄主蛹出蜂量平均为(70.2±34.2)头,雌雄比为(6.1±5.1)∶1。在温度(20±2)℃、相对湿度RH(75±10)%、光周期L∶D=12∶12时,发育一代需37.0 d;而在(28±2)℃、RH(75±10)%、L∶D=12∶12时,发育一代仅需19.5 d。雌成蜂每侧卵巢由10~12根卵巢管组成,每根卵巢管含卵3~8粒。蜂蜜、蔗糖、葡萄糖均能有效地延长其成蜂寿命,并能显著提高其怀卵量和寄生率,其中以取食蜂蜜的效果最好。更多还原

【Abstract】 Tetrastichus nigricoxae Yang is an endoparasite of pupae of Micromelalopha troglodyta Graeser.It is the mian pest of Poplar in China.In this paper the morphology,behavior,development,survival and reproduction of the parasitoid were studied.The results showed that the chalcid could swarm from hosts,oviposite and mate after emerging 1—2 days,and the behavior of mating and oviposition could last 0.5—2 min,and 1—3 min,respectively.The average number of parasitoid emerged from each host was(70.2±34.2),and the female rate was(6.1±5.1)∶1.The developmental duration of 1 generation was 37.0 days under the laboratory condition of(20±2)℃,RH(75±10)%,and L∶D=12∶12,but was only 19.5 days under(28±2)℃,RH(75±10)%,and L∶D=12∶12.Sweet resources such as honey,sucrose,and glucose,especially honey,could prolong the longevity of adults and increase the fecundity and parasitism of females effectively.更多还原