【摘要】 为了明确Al、Cd、Cu等毒害元素处理对大麦生长发育和营养元素吸收的影响以及这些毒害元素间的互作关系,设置低pH、单独Al及Al与Cd或Cu二元素和三元素复合胁迫,以耐酸土性差异较大的两个大麦品种为材料进行营养液培养试验,结果表明:(1)胁迫处理导致大麦植株生长和根系活力下降,K等养分元素含量下降,而S、Fe含量上升,Al、Cd和Cu等毒害元素在各器官的积累量增加,各指标的变幅均以敏感型品种显著;(2)二元素复合处理中,Al与Cd和Cu间均呈正协同效应,尤以敏感型品种更为显著;(3)与二元素复合处理相比,三元素复合胁迫导致耐性品种各器官Al含量下降,Cu、Cd含量上升,总体表现为植株生长发育受抑制小于二元素复合处理;但三元素复合胁迫导致敏感型品种植株生长发育和根系活力水平进一步下降,各器官Al与Cd、Cu含量和养分含量与对照的差异加大。如在Al+Cd和Al+Cu+Cd处理下耐性品种株高分别比对照下降15.6%和20.3%,敏感型品种分别比对照下降10.9%和23.8%。各胁迫处理均导致两个大麦品种根系P含量上升,而茎、叶P含量下降,且耐性品种根系P含量显著高于敏感品种。更多还原

【Abstract】 The present study was undertaken to assess the toxicities of low pH,Al,Al and Cd or Cu combinations in two barley cultivars differing in tolerance to soil acidity.The plant growth,nutrient contents,toxic metals accumulations,and metals interactions were estimated in root,shoot and leaf of barley seedlings under supply of the toxic metals in the nutrient solution.The results indicated that:(1) All the stress treatments affected plant growth and root activity seriously,the concentrations of K decreased while S,Fe contents increased,and the concentrations of Al,Cd,Cu increased in all parts of plants.The more serious effects were observed in the sensitive cultivar.(2) Combinations of Al + Cd and Al + Cu both produced the synergistic toxity to the growth of barley seedlings,more obvious for sensitive cultivar.(3) Ternary combination of Al + Cu + Cd produced different interactions in two cultivars,the significant synergistic toxicity was observed in the sensitive cultivar,while the antagonistic effect between Al and Cd,Cu was observed in the tolerant cultivar.The plant height of Gebeina and Shang 70～119 decreased 15.6% and 20.3%,10.9% and 23.8% of the control under treatments of Al+Cd and Al+Cu+Cd,respectively.Higher P accumulation in root,lower P in shoot and leaf under all the stress treatments were observed in both barley cultivars,but P concentration in the Altolerant cultivar was higher than that in the sensitive cultivar,especially in root.更多还原