【摘要】 2005年1月到12月,在贵阳市区采集TSP样品,分析了其主要水溶性无机离子的化学性质及其季节变化规律。结果显示,TSP浓度年均值为106.60μg/m3;各离子摩尔浓度的大小顺序为:SO42->NH4+>Ca2+>NO3->K+>Na+>Cl->Mg2+>F-。TSP及其组分存在明显的季节变化,TSP、Cl-、SO42-、NO3-、NH4+、K+、Na+、Ca2+和Mg2+浓度的冬/夏比值分别为1.29、5.23、1.35、2.37、1.73、1.22、1.84、1.23和1.02。影响TSP、Ca2+、Mg2+和F-的气象参数主要是相对湿度和风速,影响SO42-、NO3-、NH4+和Cl-的是温度。TSP大多呈微酸性,可能是高含量的SO42-所致。NH4+与SO42-的相关性最好(R为0.85),NH4+与SO42-的摩尔比值为0.8,说明NH4+主要以(NH4)2SO4的形式存在。更多还原

【Abstract】 Total suspended particles(TSP) samples were collected from an urbanized area(Guiyang,SW China) from January to December 2005 for studying chemical characteristics and seasonal variation of their major water-soluble inorganic ions.The annual mean mass concentration of the TSP is 106.60 μg/m3.The molar concentrations of their water-soluble inorganic ions are decreased in order of SO24> NH+4> Ca2+ > NO-3> K+> Na+> Cl-> Mg2+ > F-.The TSP concentration and the compounds of water-soluble inorganic ions show obvious seasonal variation trends.The ratios of TSP,Cl-,SO2-4,NO-3,NH+4,K+,Na+,Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations in winter to those in summer are 1.29,5.23,1.35,2.37,1.73,1.22,1.84,1.23 and 1.02,respectively.The meteorological parameters influencing the concentrations of TSP、Ca2+、Mg2+ and F-are relative humidity(RH) and wind speed,while that influencing the concentrations of SO2-4,NO-3,NH+4 and Cl-is temperature.The TSP samples collected in Guiyang in most days of 2005 are weakly acidic,mainly due to their high SO2-4 concentrations.The highest correlation coefficient (R) of 0.85 between SO2-4 and NH+4,and the molar ratio of 0.8 for NH+4/SO2-4 indicate that the NH+4 is mainly existed in form of(NH4)2SO4 in the TSP.更多还原