【摘要】 油田注水开发是保持地层能量,提高采收率的有效手段。海拉尔地区由于粘土矿物含量高,在开发过程中储层遇水易泥化、坍塌,严重影响油气的有效开采。通过X射线衍射、偏光显微镜观察和扫描电镜分析,确定了海拉尔盆地贝16断块兴安岭群储层自上而下存在三种粘土矿物组合:蒙脱石+高岭石+(绿泥石)→高岭石+伊/蒙间层+伊利石+(绿泥石)→伊利石+绿泥石+绿/蒙间层+伊/蒙间层。粘土总量在9.1%~69.1%之间,由地层浅部到深部呈现由高到低的变化规律。详细研究了水敏性极强的钠蒙脱石及其间层矿物,认为凝灰物质的水解蚀变以及长石和中、酸性岩屑在成岩过程中的次生变化是造成海拉尔地区粘土含量高的主要因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 Water injection is an effective method of keeping the formation energy and enhancing oil recovery.The reservoir of the Xing’anling Group has high contents of clay minerals,which makes the implementation of some measures such as water-infection and fracturing become very difficult and influence production seriously.X-ray diffraction,polarizing microscope and SEM research showed there are tiree types of combination of clay minerals from the top to the bottom in the Bei 16 fault block of the Xing’anling Group: S+K+(C)→K+I/S+I+(C)→I +C+S/C+I/S.the contents of clay minerals lie between 9.1%～69.1%,and tend to decrease gradually with depth.Especially,the highly watersensitive Na+ montmorillonite and mixed layer illite/smectite were studied in detail.On the basis of a comprehensive analysis of geological data,the research showed that hydrolysis of tuffaceous material and secondary alteration of feldspars and rock debris are the two main factors which lead to the high contents of clay minerals.This study affords help to solve formation damage in development effectively.更多还原