【摘要】 用8个RAPD引物对10个郁金香栽培品种和4个新疆野生种的群体进行了RAPD-PCR扩增,共扩增出38个有效位点,各位点谱带大小0.2~1.5 kb,其中4个野生物种位点多态性为50%~68%、Nei’s基因多样性(H)为0.18~0.21、Shannon’s信息指数(I)为0.27~0.32;栽培种为无性系纯系,群体内部没有多态性片断,但各品种之间差异明显。聚类分析表明:供试群体可分为4大遗传类型,第一类为野生类型,包括4个野生物种,和其他国外栽培种之间遗传距离较远;第二类为单瓣晚花系列的栽培种Mrs J T Scheepers和Halcro,与野生种之间的遗传距离相对较近,因而与其有较好的杂交亲和潜力;第三类为栽培品种Negrita,具有独特的红紫花,与栽培种和野生种的平均遗传距离近乎相等,似乎是它们的居间类型;其它栽培品种为第四类;这些研究结果为郁金香培育奠定技术基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Genetic diversity of 4 wild species in Xinjiang Province and 10 cultivars of tulip were analyzed by means of random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) and 8 arbitrary 10-base oligo-nucleotide primers selected from 80 primers with the aim of finding proper breeding parents and breeding new tulip cultivars with patents owned by Chinese people using domestic tulip resources.38 well-replicated,clear and stable loci per sample tulip and total 8 360 bands for all 220 samples were amplified.The results showed that the percentage of polymorphic loci of 4 wild species ranged from 50%～68%,Nei’s gene diversity ranged from 0.18～0.21 and Shannon’s Information indexes ranged from 0.27～0.32.The cultivars were pure clones and they had no polymorphic loci in one clone population,and significant differences existed among cultivars.The grouping analysis showed that all the tulips grouped into 4 clusters,and cluster I included 4 wild species which were far from the cultivars in genetic distance;cluster II included single-petal cultivar series Mrs J T.Scheepers and Halcro with late flowering,and were relatively closer to the wild species in genetic distance;cluster III was cultivar Negrita,which has special purple-red flower and looks like the mediate genre between wild species and cultivars;and cluster IV included the other 7 cultivars.更多还原