【摘要】 [目的]探讨神经外科行气管切开术后病人套管阻塞的原因,采取相应措施,使气管切开套管阻塞发生率降低。[方法]回顾性分析近8年本科行气管切开术后发生气管套管阻塞52例,占气管切开病人数7.41%,通过湿化气道、适时吸痰,早期雾化吸入和改良吸氧,同时避免气囊套管长期过度充气,加强吸痰技术培训,早期发现阻塞的表现,及时处理半阻管40例,全阻管12例。[结果]均能及时发现,给予相应对症处理,保持了呼吸道通畅,无一例因套管阻塞而引起死亡的病例。[结论]及早了解气管切开术后病人的病情,了解痰液的性质和量,给予早期湿化气道,适时吸痰和套管气囊适度充气,出现大出血者立即做好手术准备等一系列预见性的护理措施,对减少病人术后气管套管阻塞有十分重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To probe into the causes of cannula blockage of patients after undergoing tracheotomy in department of neurosurgery so as to minimize the incidence of cannula blockage. Methods: A total of 52 patients occurred cannula blockage after tracheotomy in recent eight years were analyzed retrospectively. It accounted to 7.41% of patients undergoing tracheotomy. Method: A total of 701 patients undergoing tracheotomy in our department in recent eight years were analyzed retrospectively. And 52 cases of them developed cannula blockage, accounting for 7.41% of the total tracheotomy patients. Among them, 40 cases developed half-blockage and 12 cases developed complete blockage. And by humifying trachea, sputum aspiration, atomizing nebulization and modified oxygen inhalation, meanwhile, avoiding the tracheal trocar long term over-inflation and strengthening sputum aspiration skills training, finding the manifestation of blockage in time, all these cases had been handled on time. Results: All patients with cannula blockage were found in time. There were no dead cases because of corresponding treatment to keep respiratory tract unobstructed. Conclusion: It was quite significant by conducting a series of predictive nursing measures to decrease postoperative cannula blockage, such as to understand the patient’s condition as soon as possible and the quantity and quality of sputumn so as to humify trachea, sputum aspiration and doing aerocyst aeration early, timely and moderately; to prepare operation well for hemorrhoea patients immediately.更多还原