【摘要】 本文分析了两种区位性因素对地方公共品最优供给(质量与数量)的影响。一类区位性因素为某公共品在城市中所在的区域。分析表明,位于城市边缘地区的公共品的最优质量要小于位于城市中心地区公共品的最优质量。另一类区位性因素为某公共品与居民的相对位置(距离),这一因素在具体分析中被转化为使用居民出行半径表示的指标。结论表明,出行半径的增加一方面加大了中间投票人与公共品之间的距离,另一方面也使得原先距离公共品较远的居民得以有机会享用该公共品。前一种影响对公共品的最优质量起抑制作用,后一种影响的效果则相反。而公共品的最优质量随出行半径如何变化,将取决于这两种效应之间的比较。本文还根据公共品之间是否存在替代性区分了替代性公共品与非替代性公共品,并分析了这两种不同性质的公共品受区位性因素影响而在最优质量与最优供给数量上所呈现出的差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 This Paper analyzes the effects of two kinds of regional factors on the provision of local public goods.One of these regional factors is where a public goods locals in the city.The analysis shows that the social optimal quality of the public goods within the marginal area of the city is lower than that within the city center.Another regional factor is the relative location of one public goods to nearby citizens,which is turned into index marked by citizen’s travel radius.While increasing the travel radius makes it possible for citizens that are far from the public goods to be able to use the public services,which leads to the rising of the social optimal quality,it also let the one who is further from the public good to be the "median voter".The correlation between public goods’ optimal quality and the travel radius depends on which of these two effects is more intense.The paper also distinguishes two kinds of public goods as non-substitutive and substitutive goods according to whether they could substitute each other in meeting citizens’ needs and analyzes the differences between their social optimal quality and quantity,taking into the influences of regional factors.更多还原