【摘要】 通过低温实验室中的海冰重力脱盐实验,研究了环境温度对渤海灰白冰冰内盐分迁移以及脱盐速度和效果的影响。结果表明,环境温度的变化对灰白冰的盐分迁移规律、脱盐速度和脱盐效果影响较大。环境温度在-2.5℃以上时,冰内盐分的垂向迁移迅速,盐度下降较大,温度越高,脱盐速度越快,脱盐效果越好,但淡水获取率会越低。环境温度在-2.5℃以下时,海冰盐分垂向迁移和析出较慢,脱盐效果较差,在-15℃以下时,冰内盐分几乎不再发生迁移,盐度基本不变。建议在采用重力脱盐法进行海冰淡化时,应该兼顾脱盐效果和淡水获取率,设定适当的环境温度,以达到高速高效的重力脱盐效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 The influence of environmental temperature on the salinity transfer and desalination of gray-white ice in the Bohai Sea was studied through the gravitational desalination experiments in the low-temperature laboratory.The experimental results show that the influence of environmental temperature on the salinity transfer,desalination velocity and desalination effect is remarkable.When the environmental temperature is above-2.5℃,the salinity in the ice transfers downwards and then separates out quickly.The temperature is higher,the desalination effect is better,but the ratio of fresh water obtained is less.Whereas,when the environmental temperature is under-2.5℃,the salinity transfer and desalination velocity is slower and slower.Especially under-15℃,the salinity transfer almost ceases and the salinity in sea ice is not changed.So,when the sea ice desalination is performed by the gravity,the appropriate environmental temperature should be chosen for getting the fast and high gravitational desalination,considering both the desalination effect and the ratio of fresh water obtained.更多还原