【摘要】 海湾扇贝北部亚种Argopecten irradians irradians的左右两枚贝壳均具有丰富多彩的颜色,它们不仅能够稳定地遗传,而且还与生长、存活等数量性状有关。为了查清海湾扇贝壳色与数量性状之间的关系,2005年11月中下旬,作者对河北、山东、辽宁三省的海湾扇贝养殖群体的壳色种类、分布频率及其数量性状进行了统计、测量和分析。这些养殖群体来自于相同的基础群体,均是1998-1999年引种繁殖的后代。三个养殖区都有橙、棕、黑、紫、白等壳色的个体,表明海湾扇贝的壳色具有多态性,且不受环境的影响,橙、棕、黑、紫、白等壳色的分布频率分别为17.8%、48.8%、32.5%、3.8%、1.1%。总重、闭壳肌重、出柱率、壳长、壳高、壳宽等数量性状间存在显著相关性,相关系数最大值出现在壳长与壳高之间,其次在全湿重与闭壳肌重之间,最小值在出柱率与壳高之间;壳长、壳高和壳宽都能显著地影响总重和闭壳肌重。海湾扇贝的壳色与数量性状之间有密切关系,棕色个体总重最大、紫色个体总是最轻最小。方差分析表明,壳色(遗传因素)和养殖区(环境因素)均能够单独地对数量性状产生显著的影响,而且它们的交互作用也是显著的。本研究结果对海湾扇贝遗传育种有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Argopecten irradians irradians, subspecies of bay scallop, was studied on shell color on both sides. Many varieties in colors are shown, which are not only genetic but also relative to quantitative traits such as growth, and survival, in November 2005 for different hatchery populations cultured at three provinces of Hebei, Shandong, and Liaoning in China. Relationships between shell colors and quantitative traits in the bay scallop, types of shell color and their distribution frequency therefore were quantified in traits including total weight (Wt), abductor muscle weight (Wm), rate of muscle (Rm), shell length (SL), shell height (SH), and shell width (SW). These hatchery populations were originated from the same base population introduced from USA in 1998—1999. Shell colors including orange, brown, black, purple, and white were seen in all hatchery populations at 17.8%, 44.8%, 32.5%, 3.8%, and 1.1% in frequency, respectively, indicating that the shell color is of polymorphism and is not affected by environmental factors. The correlativity was significant for all six traits. The largest coefficient was found between SL and SH, then Wt and Wm, and between Rm and SH. Relationship between shell colors and quantitative traits in the bay scallop are close. For the same quantitative trait, brown scallop was always the largest, whereas purple scallop was always the smallest. Analyses in variance showed that both shell color (genetic factor) and aquaculture location (environmental factor) made significant impacts independently on quantitative traits, and their interaction was also significant. The present results are important for genetic breeding of the bay scallop in author’s view.更多还原