【摘要】 采用线粒体16S rRNA和COⅠ序列扩增和测序方法,对隶属于缀锦蛤亚科5属7种动物进行了系统学分析。经Clustal X多重比对和PAUP4.10软件分析,得到种间序列的遗传距离并构建了邻接(NJ)系统树。实验数据显示,缀锦蛤亚科为遗传连续的同源类群,其中的浅蛤属(Gomphina)、缀锦蛤属(Tapes)和蛤仔属(Ruditapes)亲缘关系较近,结果与Fischer-Piette等(1971)的缀锦蛤亚科的分类方案基本一致。另外,菲律宾蛤仔R.philippinarum和杂色蛤仔R.variegata是蛤仔属在印度洋和太平洋海区的一个组群,尽管两种贝类有明显的重叠分布区和相近的贝壳形态,但二者间的16S rRNA和COⅠ序列遗传距离均达到了物种间差别。结果支持庄启谦(2001)有关菲律宾蛤仔与杂色蛤仔的形态分类及分布区划分的观点。更多还原

【Abstract】 To clarify the classification and phylogenics of subfamily Tapetinae,7 species from 5 genera were studied from partial sequence of 16S rRNA,having COⅠ gene amplified and sequenced.The fragments of 16S rRNA were between 378bp to 501bp,and COⅠ were between 658bp and 709bp.The matrix of pair-wise genetic distance and trees of neighbor-joining(NJ) were established with PAUP 4.10 Beta.The results show that the Tapetinae was a constant monophyletic group against outgroup Cyclininae;the minimum genetic distances of COⅠ and 16S rRNA were from 0.1964 to 0.2015,and the maximum ones from 0.3736 to 0.2798 in the subfamily of which the genera of Gomphina,Tapes and Ruditapes were close to each other in evolutional relation.This finding agrees with the Fischer-Piette’s classification.Additionally,the Cyclininae(the outgroup) and Tapetinae are distinct subfamilies;the genetic distances of 16S rRNA sequences among the outgroups(0.3890—0.4581) were much greater than that of the ingroups of Tapetinae,which is against the discarding Cyclininae by Harte.The data support strongly the division of two clades for Ruditapes.One clade of Ruditapes decussatus(the type species) distributed from European seacoast to West-African Senegal.Another include R.philippinarum,R.variegata,their pair-wise distances of 16S rRNA and COⅠ reached 0.2311 and 0.2904,indicative of two distinct species,discovered along the Pacific and Indian Oceans,although they have similar distribution and morphology.This results support Zhuang’s classification in terms of distribution and morphology.更多还原