【摘要】 近年来,受自然启发的合成思路已日益引起广泛的重视。本文综述了运用各种不同的分子模板对无机晶体的生物矿化过程,多种无机晶体生长和无机-有机复合材料的形貌与结构的调控作用以及分子模板与外界静态模板的协调控制效应等方面的最新进展。重点讨论简单的有机添加剂如水溶性功能聚合物及表面活性剂等对无机晶体晶化的模板效应及其在复杂无机结构形成过程中的相互协同作用、在混合溶液体系中的新的影响效应等。讨论了模拟生物矿化方法在构筑新颖无机纳米材料及无机-有机复合材料的新途径及其自组装机理。目前的研究进展表明,通过选择合适的分子模板和外界静态模板、适当的合成微环境和运用合适的自组装机制,有可能实现对所有无机晶体的形貌控制和复杂杂化结构的合理构筑。展望了这些尺度可控而结构特殊等级材料潜在的重要应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Recently,bio-inspired synthetic strategies for functional materials have gained lots of attentions due to their advantages.This review focuses on recent progress in biomimetic mineralizations using molecular templates,morphology and structure control for inorganic and inorganic-organic hybrid materials using molecular templates,and the synergetic effects of molecular and solid matrix.We focus on template effects of simple organic additives such as hydrophilic polymer,polyelectrolyte,and surfactant,and their synergetic effects in growth of complex inorganic superstructures and new effects in a mixed solvent.The mechanisms used in biomimetic mineralization for control of new inorganic nanomaterials and inorganic-organic hybrid materials are discussed.Recent progress indicates that it is possible to control morphologies of all inorganic crystals and hybrid structures via choosing a proper molecular template,a solid matrix,suitable reaction micro-environments,and appropriate self-assembly mechanisms.These materials with controllable length scale and complex form may have potential applications in various fields.更多还原