【摘要】 给出了一种以烷基胺、HCHO与无机磺化剂（NaHSO₃或Na₂SO₃）为原料,经由胺羟甲基化、磺化与固相成盐三步反应,合成氨基磺酸系两性表面活性剂的新合成法。同时,基于曼尼奇反应、磺甲基化和N-烷基化等反应的历程,推断了新合成法的反应机理。结果表明,新合成法的收率高（86.7%）;反应主要为亲核加成历程;胺羟甲基化反应pH值高,有利于H⁺的脱离,促进反应正向移动和中间体的稳定;磺化反应体系酸性越强,越有利于中间体上OH的离去,加速反应正向移动;固相成盐反应简单可行;机理推断结果符合实验和相关文献报道的结果。更多还原

【Abstract】 A novel method for synthesizing sulfamic acid series amphoteric surfaetant,that uses the materials of alkyl a- mine,HCHO and abio-sulfonation agent （NaHSO₃ or Na₂SO₃）with three steps:amine hydroxymethylation,sulfonation and solid state reaction,has been put forward.Meanwhile,based on the mechanism of Mannich reaction,sulfomethylation reaction and N-alkylation raction etc,the mechanism of this novel method has been deduced.The results show that the novel method has high yield of 86.7%;the mechanism of this method is main about nucleophilic addition reaction;in the amine hydroxymeth- ylation,the higher pH value,the better H⁺ being away,which promotes this reaction positive shifting and the intermediate’s stability;in the sulfonation,strong acid is in favor of OH deviating,which accelerates the reaction positive shifting,too;the solid state reaction is available and easy;and the mechanism deducing results are identical to the experiment results and relative literature reports.更多还原