【摘要】 分别以30%HNO3溶液(质量百分数,下同)和空气为氧化介质处理沥青球,制备了沥青基球形活性炭。分别采用热重分析仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、X射线光电子能谱仪、气体吸附仪、扫描电子显微镜等对氧化沥青球、炭化料、沥青基球形活性炭等进行了分析与表征。结果表明:沥青球在HNO3氧化过程中主要引入—NO2官能团,该官能团在炭化过程中促进了沥青分子的交联和聚合,降低了沥青球挥发分的逸出,增加了炭收率;炭化后沥青球内部残留的氮(1.4%)提升了碳表面与活化剂的亲和力,加速了活化反应的进行。沥青球在空气氧化中的结合氧主要以C—O—C和C=O的形式存在,沥青分子在氧化过程中被交联成刚性或链状大分子,保证了炭化过程的顺利进行。更多还原

【Abstract】 Pitch-based spherical activated carbon（PSAC） was prepared from the pitch spheres oxidized with 30% HNO₃ and air,respectively.The oxidative stabilization of pitch spheres,carbonization and activation were investigated by using TGA,FT-IR and XPS,etc.The results show that in the process of HNO₃ oxidation,—NO₂ groups are mainly introduced into pitch molecules,and the —NO₂ groups promote the cross-linkage and polymerization reactions that take place during carbonization,allowing the stabilization of the pitch spheres.The existence of nitrogen in the carbonized spheres accelerates the reaction rate between carbon and activating agent.In addition,in air-oxidation process,the oxygen uptake is mainly in the form of C—O—C and C=O groups,and the formation of cross-linked structures makes the pitch spheres suitable for carbonization.更多还原