【摘要】 通过对上海中心城区城市杂草区系的调查,分析了高强度城市化影响下杂草的多样性状况,探讨了高异质性城市生境中杂草的适应特征.在所调查的260个杂草群落样方中,共出现杂草107种,隶属32科89属,其中禾本科和菊科两个多种科含种数最多,高比例的单种属表征了城市生境具有较高的异质性;在广适性杂草对城市生境普适性的基础上,生活周期短且适应性强是一年生杂草对高强度和高频度人为干扰生境的适应策略,城市干旱的特化生境提高了冬季一年生杂草的比例.更多还原

【Abstract】 Through investigating the flora of the ruderal in the urban area of Shanghai,this pa- per analyzed the diversity of ruderal influenced by rapid urbanization,and studied the charateris- tics of ruderal adapt to the urban habitats with high heterogeneity.In the investigated 260 quad- rats of ruderal community,107 species of ruderal were found belonged to 89 genera and 32 fami- lies.Gramineae and Compositae,tbe largest families,played a major role in these quadrats.High proportion of monotypic genus indicates that the heterogeneity of urban habitat is high.On the base of ruderal with wide adaptability adapting to urban habitat universally,the strategy of annu- al vegetation adapting to high strength and frequency man-made habitats is of short life cycle and strong adaptability.Special arid habitat in urban area increases the proportion of winter annual.更多还原