【摘要】 以二水合草酸、异戊醇为原料,采用微波加热方式合成了草酸二异戊酯。考察了酸醇摩尔比、催化剂用量、带水剂用量和微波辐射时间等因素对产品收率的影响,确定适宜的反应条件如下:草酸与异戊醇的摩尔比为1∶2.7,一水合硫酸氢钠为催化剂、其用量为原料总质量的1.6%,苯为带水剂、其用量为草酸质量的0.74倍,微波辐射时间为10min。在此条件下,产品收率达89.1%。微波加热条件下的反应速率约是常规加热法的7倍。通过红外光谱、质谱,对产品进行了结构表征。更多还原

【Abstract】 The synthesizing method of diisopentyl oxalate with oxalic acid and isoamyl alcohol through microwave heating was studied,so as to shorten reaction time and increase reaction efficiency.Effects of reaction factors were investigated,such as molar ratio of acid to alcohol,catalyst amount,water-carrying reagent amount and microwave irradiation time,etc.The optimum conditions were determined as follows: the molar ratio of oxalic acid to isoamyl alcohol was 1∶2.7,NaHSO4·H2O dosage was 1.6% of the total mass of materials as catalyst,benzene dosage was 0.74 times of the mass of oxalic acid as water-carrying reagent,microwave irradiation time was 10 min.Under above conditions,the yield of product was 89.1%.The reaction rate of microwave irradiation was 7 times of conventional heating.The structure of product was characterized by IR and MS analysis.更多还原