【摘要】 应用青海44个台站1962—2005年逐月积雪深度和积雪日数资料,对比了这两份常规积雪资料在表征青海地区积雪变化特征上的一致性,并对近十几年来的积雪变化新趋势做了分析。结果表明:积雪深度和积雪日数均能比较一致地反映整个青海地区积雪变化趋势:夏、秋季积雪从20世纪60年代至21世纪初为一致的减少趋势;冬、春季积雪在20世纪60年代至90年代初增加,而从20世纪90年代中期至21世纪初积雪呈显著减少趋势。后期的减少趋势远比前期的增加趋势明显。青海地区不同季节积雪深度和积雪日数趋势变化明显的区域基本一致,但中心位置存在一定的差异。冬季在32.5°~35°N,95°~102°E范围内的唐古拉山、巴颜喀拉山和阿尼玛卿山区,春季在青海东南部阿尼玛卿山区附近,均明显地表现出20世纪90年代中期以后积雪的减少和前期积雪的增加。不同季节积雪深度和积雪日数的相关系数分布存在一定差异:冬季两份资料相关相对较小的区域位于青海中南部巴颜喀拉山西区至阿尼玛卿山西区一线;春季相关系数小于冬季,青海东北边缘以及东南边缘地区,相关系数未能通过95%信度检验;夏、秋季积雪较少,相关较小的区域集中在青海东南部地区。而上述区域大多为各个季节积雪较多的地区,应慎重使用该区域的常规积雪资料。综合分析两份积雪资料,确定青海地区冬季多雪年为1964,1975,1993,1995和1998年,少雪年为1963,1965,1969,1997和2003年;春季多雪年是1977,1982,1987,1989和1990年,少雪年是1969,1979,1985,1999和2001年。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the monthly snow depth and snow day of the conventional meteorological observations at 44 stations in Qinghai region,a comparison study about character of variation between snow depth and snow day is carried out.It is found that the snow depth and snow day have a better relation and reflect the tendency variation of snow cover congruously in Qinghai region.It shows that the snow cover had decreased in summer and autumn since 1960′s.Although in winter and spring the snow cover had increased from 1960′s to early 1990′s,but it had rapidly decreased from middle 1990′s to early 21st century.In winter,snow depth and snow day all show that the variation tendency is obvious,especially in the area among Tanggula mountain-Bayanhar mountain-A′nyêmaqên mountain in 32.5°~35°N,95°~102°E.But in spring there is a reverse tendency in west and north Qinghai region.According to analyzing several snow data synthetically,it is found the winter snow is more than multi-year mean in 1964,1975,1993,1995,1998 and less in 1963,1965,1969,1997,2003.The spring snow is rich than multi-year mean in 1977,1982,1987,1989 and 1990 and less in 1969,1979,1985,1999,2001.The correlation coefficient field shows that snow depth and snow day have best relationship in winter and conventional snow dataset in northeast and southeast of Qinghai region in spring should be used cautiously.更多还原