【摘要】 目的了解长沙市婴幼儿急性腹泻病例中A群轮状病毒(RV)感染的特点。方法收集某省儿童医院2006年5月—2007年4月间1724例<5岁腹泻患儿的粪便标本,采用标记金的A群RV单克隆抗体,以免疫层析双抗体夹心法检测标本中的A群RV抗原。分析阳性患儿流行病学资料。结果1724份腹泻患儿粪便标本中,RV抗原检测阳性342份,阳性率19.84%。2006年5—6月RV抗原检测阳性率为9.21%,而11—12月及2007年1—2月其阳性率分别达36.61%、24.37%,后两者与其他月份阳性率比较,差异有显著性(χ2=107.18,P<0.001)。不同年龄段患儿RV感染率以6个月～1岁、～1.5岁、～2岁年龄段较高,分别为26.57%、31.48%和29.55%,6个月～2岁年龄段与其他年龄段的RV抗原检出率比较,差异有显著性(χ2=79.30,P<0.001)。男性RV感染率为16.27%,女性为23.94%,前者显著低于后者(χ2=15.87,P<0.005)。结论长沙地区RV感染高峰期在11月至次年2月,患儿年龄为6个月～2岁。对婴幼儿腹泻应尽早做RV检测,以及时发现病原体,合理治疗,避免滥用抗菌药物,防止传播。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of infants acute diarrhea caused by cluster A rotavirus(RV) in changsha. Methods Stool samples from infants with diarrhea in a hospital from May 2006 to April 2007 were detected by technique of colloidal gold and immunochromatography double antigen sandwich assay. Epidemiological data of infants were analyzed. Results Among 1 724 detected stool samples, 342 (19.84%) cases were positive RV antigen, the positive rate of RV antigen from May to June in the year of 2006 was 9.21%, while from November to December in 2006 and January to February in 2007 was 36.61% and 24.37% respectively, there were significant differences in the positive rates of RV antigen between the latter two periods and the other months (χ2=107.18, P<0.001); The most susceptible age of the infection was 6 months ~ 1 years old, ~1.5 and ~2 years old, the positive rate was 26.57%, 31.48% and 29.55% respectively, there were significant differences in the positive rates of RV antigen between infants at age of 6 months ~2 years old and the other age groups (χ2=79.30, P<0.001); RV infection rate in male and female was 16.27% and 23.94% respectively, the former was obviously lower than the latter (χ2=15.87, P<0.005). Conclusion The incidence peak of RV infection is from November to February of the next year, the susceptible age is 6 months to 2 years old. Infants with diarrhea should be detected RV antigen as soon as possible and given rational treatment, so as to prevent transmission.更多还原