【摘要】 历来中国农村自始至终存在着两种经济成分:一种是自给自足的小农经济,即所谓"编户齐民"似"汪洋大海"的小农经济。另一种是地主经济,他们依靠其社会政治、经济地位优势,占有超常的土地,控制劳动力,用剥削方式从事生产经营。地主土地的经营方式归纳起来大致有三种:蓄养农奴耕作、雇工耕作和出租给佃户耕作。宋代以后广泛实行的租佃制是历史选择的结果。租佃制促进了土地权属的流转,目前土地租赁在农业经营中依然存在活力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Throughout Chinese history,there are always two economic elements in rural areas:one is the sea of self-sufficient small-scale peasants,the other is the landowner who relies on the advantages of their social,political,and economic status to possess extraordinary amount of land.Thus,the landowners can have the power of controlling labor,using the exploitative way to do production and management.The modes of landowner’s operation can be summed up as follows:using serves,using employees or renting their land to tenant farmers.The extensive operation of tenancy in China after Song dynasty was a historical choice.Tenancy has been stimulating the transference of land ownership,and it’s still an active mode in China’s agricultural economy.更多还原