【摘要】 运用生态足迹法模型计算了榆林市1995~2004年生态足迹的动态变化。结果表明:研究时段内榆林市人均生态足迹由0.5274 hm2上升至0.8066 hm2,增长率达52.95%,生态足迹构成变化显著;生态承载力由1.0065 hm2降至0.7560 hm2;生态盈余由0.4791 hm2降至0.0388 hm2,2002年出现生态赤字并不断上升,处于弱不可持续发展状态。分析发现:榆林市生态赤字非人均消费过高,而是由于区域生态供给能力薄弱、人口超载、资源利用效率低和土地利用处于转型期所致。依据生态供需变化特征和原因分析,提出榆林市生态重建的有效途径是:提高耕地单产,发展高效林草业,治理"三化土地";区外调入资源,调整能源结构,提高资源利用率;集约利用土地,引导劳动力有序转移。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ecological footprint is a useful indicator for measuring the pressure on natural capital imposed by human being and assessing sustainable development status.In this paper,we calculate and analyze the ecological footprint of Yulin during the period from 1995 to 2004 by using the model.The results are as follows: the ecological footprint has grown from 0.5274 hm2/capital to 0.8066 hm2/capital with the increase rate of 52.95%,the structure of ecological footprint has changed a lot: the proportion of cropland footprint has decreased largely which is from 71.0674% to 38.442%,compared with the increasing of energy footprint which is from 17.0899% to 47.1852%.The biological capacity has varied from 0.6307 hm2/capital to 0.4443 hm2/capital.The ecological surplus become smaller from 1995 to 2001 with an ecological deficit in 2002 which has went larger year by year. All these show that: Yulin is in a weak unsustainable status.The reasons for the ecological deficits are: the seriously destructed ecology,the overloaded population,and the inefficient utilization of resources and the influence of the changing structure of landuse Then considering the ecological function and the relationship between supplying and demand of natural capital in Yulin,we explore the strategies and measures to accomplish the ecological reconstruction and regional sustainable development in Yulin.更多还原