【摘要】 在室内条件下,通过双通道选择实验比较艾虎在不同饥饿条件下对固定食物量斑块和变化食物量斑块的利用程度,确定艾虎对食物变化量的敏感性,以验证风险敏感取食原理。研究结果表明,训练期实验中,艾虎对固定食物量斑块中的取食量和利用频次明显高于变化食物量斑块,而对两个斑块的利用时间基本相同;艾虎饥饿一天后对固定食物量斑块中的利用频次明显高于变化食物量斑块,而对两个斑块的利用时间和取食量基本相同;艾虎饥饿两天后对两个斑块利用程度与训练期的结果相同;同时,艾虎在两个斑块中的取食量均与饥饿程度无关,而对两个斑块的利用时间和利用频次均随饥饿程度明显降低。因此,艾虎对固定食物量斑块和变化食物量斑块的利用程度基本相同,食物变化量对艾虎的取食行为没有明显影响,艾虎对食物变化量是不敏感的。产生这种结果的主要原因可能是艾虎的能量代谢水平较低,在食物受到限制时主要采用降低活动使单位活动时间内所获得的能量值达到最大的取食对策增加自身的存活机率。更多还原

【Abstract】 The aim of this paper was to investigate the sensitivity of steppe polecats to starvation risk by comparing their selection to constant and variable food patches under different starvation conditions through the two-choice test in the laboratory. The results showed that food ingestion and frequency of the polecat in constant food patches were higher than that in the variable food patches and time of the polecat was the same between two patches during the training period. Only the frequency of the polecat in constant food patches was higher than that in variable food patches when the polecat was starved for 1 day. Its foraging pattern between the two patches was the same as that during the training period when the polecat was starved for 2 days. Meanwhile, the food ingestion amount in the two patches was not affected by starvation, but the time and frequency of the polecat using the two patches significantly decreased when starvation increased. There was no difference between the polecat’s selections at the constant or variable food patches and the food variation had no influence on the feeding behavior of the polecats. The polecats were not sensitive to variable food under starvation conditions. This was due to the fact that the polecats had low levels of energy metabolism and they conserved energy by decreasing their activity to increase their survival under starvation conditions.更多还原