【摘要】 通过实地调查与试验分析的方法,对阿什河上游鱼池沟小流域森林中蒙古栎天然林、红松人工林、水曲柳天然林、落叶松人工林水源涵养的能力进行了分析。结果表明:红松人工林枯落物现存量和最大持水量在4种林分类型中均为最大;红松人工林、蒙古栎天然林的土壤最大持水性较水曲柳天然林、落叶松人工林大,分别为2416.3、2262.2t.hm-2;综合比较4种林分类型枯落物及土壤的持水能力,红松人工林和蒙古栎天然林涵养水源量较大,分别为:2500.94、2325.43t.hm-2,水曲柳天然林次之,落叶松人工林最差。同时指出,应当在保护现有林分类型的基础上,维护和改善天然次生的蒙古栎天然林和水曲柳天然林,通过人工抚育措施,对人工红松林进行改造,使其向着当地原顶极群落阔叶红松林演化,进一步提高水源涵养的功能。更多还原

【Abstract】 An experiment was conducted to study the water conservation capabilities of Quercus mongolica natural forest,Pinus koraiensis plantation,Fraxinus mandshurica natural forest,and Larix sp.plantation at Yuchigou small watershed in the upper reaches of Ashihe River by field investigation and experimental analysis.Results show that the existing stock and the maximum water-holding capacity of the litter in P.koraiensis plantation are the highest among the four forest types.The maximum water-holding capacities of P.koraiensis plantation and Q.mongolica natural forest(2 416.3 and 2 262.2 t·hm-2)are larger than those of F.mandshurica natural forest and Larix sp.plantation.The comparative analysis of litter and soil water-holding capacity for the four forest stands reveals that P.koraiensis plantation and Q.mongolica natural forest are superior in water conservation capacities(2 500.94 and 2 325.43 t·hm-2 respectively),then followed by F.mandshurica natural forest,and the lowest is Larix sp.plantation.It is suggested that Q.mongolica natural forest and F.mandshurica natural forest should be maintained and improved based on the protection of the existing forest types.P.koraiensis plantation should be transformed by artificial fostering so as to accelerate its evolution to the original climax community,thereby,improve its water conservation functions.更多还原