【摘要】 针对地铁车辆自身特点进行耐冲击地铁车辆吸能结构设计,提出了耐冲击地铁车辆设计理念,将该地铁头车在撞击过程中的能量吸收过程设计为4级:第1级为车钩缓冲装置缓冲器,第2级为缓冲装置中的压溃变形管,第3级为车钩剪切螺栓,第4级为位于头车前端底架的吸能结构和防爬器等可变形结构。并对地铁中耐冲击车体进行了研究,在车体结构中于指定部位设计大塑性变形结构,即设置专用吸能结构;建立了该地铁头车的车体碰撞模型,进行了各碰撞工况的数值仿真。研究结果表明:在撞击过程中吸能结构从预期部位开始发生稳定有序的塑性变形,车体客室仅发生弹性变形,大部分冲击动能(超过80%)转化为吸能结构的塑性变形,表明该车具有很好的耐冲击效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the characteristics of railway vehicles,the crashworthy subway vehicle was designed.The design concept of crashworthy car-body was proposed and the energy-absorbing process of the head car impact was divided into four steps: the first step is the rubber buffer of the buffer equipment of vehicle coupler;the second is the buffer with collapsible tube;the third is the cut bolt of vehicle coupler;the fourth is the special energy-absorbing structures and the anti-climbers on the underframe of head car.Based on the research of the railway vehicles’ crashworthy car-body the special energy-absorbing structures of large plastic deformation were used in the car-body structure design.The crash model of the head car was set up to conduct numerical calculations in some impacting cases.During the process of impacting,steady and ordered flexed plastic deformation occurs on the component from anticipative part,and only elastic deformation occurs on the passenger compartment of the car-body.A majority of the impacting kinetic energy(more than 80%) dissipates due to the plastic deformation of the components.Results show that the car-body has good crashworthy effect.更多还原