【摘要】 2005年和2006年的4～5月在黑龙江省伊春市带岭碧水自然保护区对中华秋沙鸭(Mergus squamatus)的繁殖习性进行了初步研究,采用直接观察法观测了4个鸭巢,记录了巢的特征值、巢周围的环境因子以及中华秋沙鸭繁殖期的活动情况。结果表明,中华秋沙鸭每年的3月下旬至4月上旬陆续到达永翠河流域,9月末至10月下旬陆续迁离,居留时间210d左右。其对栖息环境要求较高,行为方式独特,营巢树种皆为老龄榆树(Ulmus propinqua)或杨树(Populus ussuriensis),一般距河流和道路较近,两巢相距最近距离大于1.6km,最大距离10km,各巢洞口方向视野皆很开阔,巢址附近的植被相对稀疏。孵化期雌鸭用于孵化的时间占85.3%,取食仅占14.7%,雄鸭不参与孵化和育雏,用于觅食和取食的时间占24.4%。更多还原

【Abstract】 Four nests of Mergus squamatus were located in two breeding seasons (from April to May), 2005 and 2006 at Dailing Bishui Nature Reserve, Heilongjiang Province. We measured the characteristics of the nests and made observation on the breeding and hatching behaviors for the 4 pair birds. M.squamatus arrived in the breeding area in late March and early April and left for winter area in one month from late September to late October. They spent about 210 days in their breeding area. The four nests were built in aged trees of elms (Ulmus propinqua) and poplars (Populus ussuriensis) that located in a quite open sites near river and road. The distances between two nests ranged from 1.6 km to 10 km. Copulation was made in water, females took 85.3% and 14.7% of their activity time to hatch and feed, respectively. While males spent 24.4% of their activity time to feed and they neither involved in hatching nor in feeding ducklings.更多还原