【摘要】 附肢自残是北京幽灵蛛(Pholcus beijingensis Zhu & Song,1999)的习性之一。野外调查表明,约20%的个体至少失去1只步足;个体自残的发生率在2-7月间有显著的差异,同时第一对步足自残的比例最高(43.47%);个体失去步足的比例随着年龄的增加而增加;左侧和右侧步足失去的比率接近(1.03∶1)。野外调查发现,正在交配的个体与单独生活的个体相比,步足的完整性上并无显著差别。实验室研究表明,北京幽灵蛛附肢自残后没有再生现象。通过对自残幼体与非自残幼体的3龄与4龄龄期研究,发现各处理组间并无显著的差别。步足自残被认为是北京幽灵蛛在极端情况下的"避险策略"(Bet-hedging strategy)。更多还原

【Abstract】 The occurrence and effects of appendage loss on fitness in spider Pholcus beijingensis(Araneae:Pholcidae)were studied.Leg loss was common in natural populations,with 20% of individuals surveyed were missing at least one leg,most commonly one of the anterior pair.The frequency of occurrence varied from month to month.Our results found that the first pair of legs may not be critical to the survival of pholcid spiders.In laboratory experiment,the individuals who lost leg(s)did not regenerate.Furthermore,juveniles with appendage loss had significantly reduced growth rates.Leg autotomy may reduce fitness of spiders,but it can avoid more significant loss of fitness such as death.Leg autotomy is likely a bet-hedging strategy for pholcid spiders.更多还原