【摘要】 利用气象、水文和遥感资料,根据柴达木盆地克鲁克湖流域湖泊、湿地和水文状况进行了分析.对柴达木盆地克鲁克湖流域1990—2006年TM卫星影像图解译,并与20世纪50-70年代遥感影像资料对比发现,克鲁克湖以及湿地沼泽群的面积变化不显著,而位于河流尾闾的托素湖水域面积以8.71 km2.(10a)-1的趋势缩小.建立了气候因子与湖泊面积回归方程,计算表明:上一年8-10月降水及年降水对克鲁克湖影响为正效应,而蒸发量及年干燥度对湖泊影响为负效应;气温对托素湖面积影响的贡献率最大,其次为年均水汽压饱和差,均为负效应.当降水量不变,气温每升高1℃,托素湖面积将减小5.40 km2;1989年以前,人为因子对托素湖萎缩占主导作用,贡献率为72.73%~85.03%;1989年之后,克鲁克湖维系了一个新的平衡,气候因子对湖泊萎缩贡献率占居主导作用,贡献率为78.39%.更多还原

【Abstract】 Lakes,wetlands and hydrological features of the Keluke Lake Basin have been analyzed by using meteorological,hydrological and remote sensing information from the Qaidam Basin.It is found that areas of Keluke Lake and wetland marshes did not significantly change by interpreting the 1990 to 2006 TM satellite images of Keluke Lake Basin and comparing remote sensing images from the 1950s to the 1970s.However,the tail area of Tuosu Lake got narrow with a rate of 8.71 km2·(10a)-1.Regression equation between climate factors and lake area was built up by testing variable regression result significance and stepwise regression methods.Calculation shows that precipitation from April to October of the last year and annual precipitation have a positive effect on the lake.But evaporation and dryness have a negative effect on the lake;the largest contribution to the lake is temperature,followed by the annual mean saturation vapor pressure difference,both of which are negative effect.When precipitation keeps constant,as temperature increasing 1 ℃,Tuosu Lake area will decrease 5.40 km2;human activity on the lake-shrinking played a dominant role before 1989,with a contribution rate of from 72.73 percent to 85.03 percent;after that,Kuluke Lake maintains a new balance,when contribution rate of climatic factors on the lakes-shrinking plays a leading role,with a contribution rate of 78.39 percent.更多还原