【摘要】 [目的]探讨固体碱法制备生物柴油中组分油酸甲酯的生成动力学。[方法]以精制菜籽油和甲醇为原料,固体碱CaO/MgO作催化剂,菜籽油与甲醇在固体碱催化下进行酯交换反应制备生物柴油,用气相色谱法跟踪分析生物柴油(脂肪酸甲酯)的含量,考察生物柴油中组分油酸甲酯的生成动力学。[结果]动力学研究表明,固体碱CaO/MgO催化菜籽油和甲醇的酯交换反应速率方程为rA=dCp/dt=k1CA2。反应速率动力学方程分3个阶段,反应开始为引发阶段,逐步转变为增长阶段的2级反应,最终反应达到平衡阶段。油酸甲酯增长阶段反应活化能为58.48 kJ/mol,频率因子为9.18×105 L/(mol.min)。[结论]该研究为固体碱催化菜籽油与甲醇酯交换反应的动力学提供了理论基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] The purpose was to discuss the formation kinetics of component methyl oleate in bio-diesel prepared by solid base catalysis.[Method] With refined rape oil and methanol as raw materials,solid base CaO/MgO as catalyst,the bio-diesel was prepared by transesterification of rape oil and methanol under solid base catalysis and the bio-diesel(fatty acid methyl ester) content was traced and analyzed by gas chromatography so as to investigate the formation kinetics of component methyl oleate in bio-diesel.[Result] The kinetics research showed that the velocity equation of transesterification of rape oil and methanol catalyzed by solid base CaO/MgO was rA=dCp/dt=k1CA2.The kinetics equation of reaction velocity was divided into three stages.The reaction started as initiation stage,gradually transformed to be the second grade reaction of increase stage and finally reached balance stage.The reactive activation energy was 58.48 kJ/mol and the frequency factor was 9.18×105 L/(mol·min) in the increase stage of methyl oleate.[Conclusion] The research provided theoretical basis for the kinetics of the transesterification of rape oil and methanol catalyzed by solid base.更多还原