【摘要】 本文从交通运输方式外部性的概念出发阐述了外部性内部化的意义,利用小汽车出行需求曲线、小汽车出行的平均成本曲线以及小汽车使用的社会边际成本曲线,以小汽车使用的社会边际成本为参考依据,分三种情况对外部成本内部化效果进行了经济分析。另外,利用经济学原理,分析了小汽车外部成本内部化的替代效应与收入效应。结论表明,由于存在着收入效应和替代效应,对小汽车使用外部成本内部化,有利于城市客运交通系统中各种运输方式间的公平竞争,真正体现和实现公交优先政策。更多还原

【Abstract】 From the concept of external cost of transport,the paper analyzes the significance of internalization of external costs.Utilizing the car’s travel demand function,average travel cost and social marginal function,the paper takes the society marginal cost as the reference benchmark and explores the impact of internalization of external costs on transport behaviors according three kind complexion.Furthermore,it discusses impacts of the substitution effect and the income effect of the practical internalization measurements.The conclusions indicates that internalization of car-use external costs is advantageous to seeking a fair and also sustainable transport system due to existence of the income effect and the substitution effect,and can achieve a real priority for public transportation.更多还原