【摘要】 目的:了解江西省南昌地区已婚育龄妇女的无子女家庭的比例及其影响因素。方法:采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法抽取南昌市2县(进贤县、安义县)2区(青山湖区、西湖区)5468名已婚育龄妇女,对其2004年7~12月的社会人口学特征、婚姻、生育状况进行问卷调查。结果:南昌地区无子女家庭比例为2.5%,按不同年龄、职业、文化程度分别进行比较,其无子女家庭的比例均有显著性差异(分别为P<0.001、P<0.001、P=0.015)。随着年龄的增加,无子女家庭的比例逐渐减少(χ2=82.636,P<0.001);结婚年龄越大,无子女家庭的比例越高(χ2=31.640,P<0.001),其中以结婚年龄31~35岁为最高(8.6%);不同结婚年数,其无子女家庭的比例有显著性差异(χ2=166.040,P<0.001),其中以结婚年数1~5年为最高(7.0%);职业为专业技术人员、教师、行政干部和商业服务业的无子女家庭的比例较高,差异有统计学意义(χ2=36.184,P<0.001);文化程度越高,无子女家庭的比例越高,大专及以上为4.1%,小学没毕业或没上过学的为1.2%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=12.276,P=0.015);公费的已婚育龄妇女无子女家庭的比例最高,为6.8%(45/664),差异有统计学意义(χ2=35.793,P<0.001)。与不孕不育有关的危险因素有年龄、结婚年数和职业。结论:年龄和结婚年数均与不孕不育有关;人为终止妊娠可能导致不孕不育。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To understand the reproductive state and the proportion of no-child family in married women of child-bearing age in Nanchang areas of Jiangxi Province, as well as influencing factor of infertility and sterility.Methods:5 468 married women of child-bearing age were studied using stratified random sampling in 2 counties and 2 districts of Nanchang Municipality, and designed one special questionnaire to collect information including their social situation, marriage and reproductive state, from July 2004 to December 2004.Results:The proportion of no-child family was 2.5% in Nanchang Municipality. In comparison with different ages, jobs, levels of education and forms of medical treatment and health care respectively,the proportions of no-child family were all significantly differed(P<0.001, P<0.001, P=0.015, respectively).Elder the present age was, lower the percentage of no-child family was(χ2=82.636,P<0.001).Elder the married age was, higher the percentage of no-child family was(χ2=31.640,P<0.001).Longer the married years were, less the percentage of no-child family was(χ2=166.040,P<0.001).The highest percentages of no-child family were both in the group of married age of 31~35 years old (8.6%) and in the group of married years between 1 year and 5 years (7.0%).The proportions of no-child family were significantly higher in the profession of specialized and technical personnel, teachers, administrative cadres and commercial service women(χ2=36.184,P<0.001).Higher the levels of education were, more increased the proportion of no-child family was(χ2=12.276,P=0.015).The risk factors were the present age, married years and each job for no-child family.Conclusion:Both of the present age and the married years could be correlated with infertility and sterility. The ending gestation artificially could result in infertility and sterility.更多还原