【摘要】 采用浸渍法制备CaO/MgO负载型固体碱催化剂,考察了制备条件和酯交换反应条件对制备生物柴油的影响。结果表明,用质量分数为22.6%醋酸钙溶液和氧化镁以体积比3∶4浸渍,在700℃煅烧24h,制得的负载型固体碱催化剂n(CaO)∶n(MgO)=1.0∶5.44,碱强度H-值为15.0～18.4,具有很好的酯交换催化活性。当n(醇)∶n(油)=6∶1,催化剂用量为油质量分数的3%,反应温度70℃,反应时间4h,菜籽油制备生物柴油的转化率可达98%以上。合成的生物柴油各项性能达到国外同类产品标准,并与国内0#柴油的主要性能指标相接近。更多还原

【Abstract】 Transesterification of rape oil and methanol to prepare biodiesel with solid base CaO/MgO as the catalyst was studied .The catalyst was prepared by impregnation and had a high catalysis activity. Effect of the catalyst preparation conditions and the transesterification reaction conditions was investigated. The experiment showed that the optimum conditions of catalyst preparation were that the molar ratio of CaO to MgO was 1.0∶5.44, the calcination temperature and the calcination time were 700 ℃ and 24 h respectively. The suitable conditions of transesterification were also obtained, where the molar ratio of methanol to oil was 6∶1, the loading of the catalyst CaO/MgO was 3% of the oil weight, and the reaction temperature and reaction time was 70 ℃ and 4 h respectively. Under those conditions, the conversion of the oil was more than 98% and the biodiesel produced met the Austria DIN V 51 standard.更多还原