【摘要】 目的了解重症监护病房(intensive care unit,ICU)呼吸机相关性肺炎的病原菌及其耐药性,为临床防治提供依据。方法对我院ICU科138例呼吸机相关性肺炎患者的病原菌构成及耐药率进行分析。结果共检出病原菌138株,其中革兰阴性菌(G-)占69.6%;革兰阳性菌(G+)占20.3%;真菌占10.1%。铜绿假单胞菌分离率最高为17.4%;分离出的大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌中产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(extended-spectrumβ-lactamases,ESBLs)细菌占34.2%;耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌(methicillin-resistantst aphylococci,MRS)在葡萄球菌中分离率为32.1%。结论ICU呼吸机相关性肺炎病原体以G-菌为主,并且G-杆菌的耐药呈多重耐药性,临床应重视病原体的检查,有针对性使用抗生素。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the pathogen spectrum distribution and antimicrobial resistance in ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care unit (ICU) and provide evidence for clinical prevention and treatment. Methods Among 138 patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia in ICU in our hospital, pathogens distribution and resistance rate were analyzed. Results Among 138 strains of isolated pathogens, the gram-negative bacteria accounted for 69.6%(96/138), the gram-positive bacteria for 20.3%(28/138), and the fungi for 10.1%(14/138). The isolating rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most highest. The isolating rate of ESBLs(Extended-spectrum €%[-Lactamases)producing strains was 34.2%(13/38). Among the total staphylococci, isolating rate of methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS) was 32.1% (8/28). Gram-negative bacilli showed multiple drug-resistance. Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria was the majority of the pathogens isolated from patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia in ICU. Clinical doctors should think highly of pathogen detection and rational application of antibiotics.更多还原