【摘要】 为了阐明水稻杂种优势的遗传基础,探寻水稻杂种优势研究的新方法。用有代表性的6个保持系和8个恢复系为父本,以滇粳优1号和明恢63为母本进行不完全双列杂交。对各主要产量性状进行配合力及杂种优势分析。结果表明,所选用亲本的各产量性状具有不同的一般配合力表现;杂交F1组合的各产量性状特殊配合力有明显差异;F1代各组合的各产量性状杂种优势差异显著。提出根据主要产量性状的杂种优势和特殊配合力表现筛选出产量性状杂种优势明显的组合针对特定的产量性状进行连续选择回交,培育产量性状杂种优势近等基因系,将杂种优势这一复杂数量性状分解为单个孟得尔因子来研究,进而研究水稻杂种优势的遗传机理。这一方法必要而可行,所培育的各产量性状杂种优势近等基因系对育种工作也有重要的利用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to understand genetic base of rice heterosis and find new ways for rice heterosis research,6 maintainer lines and 8 restorer lines as male parents,Dianjingyou 1 and Minghui 63 as female parents were used to make 2×14 diallel cross.Combining ability and heterosis analysis were made for the materials.The result showed that different agronomic traits had different heterosis performance;the general combining ability of parents used and combination’s special combining ability were significant.Based upon the heterosis performance and special combining ability of all combinations for panicle vo.,spikelet vo./panicle,and yield/plant,three crosses were selected to make backcross to recurrent parents to raise heterosis near isogonics lines for each trait so as to study genetic nature of heterosis in rice.Our strategy was to dissect complex trait,heterosis,into single Mendel factor to be mapped and operated via recurrent backcross,selection and molecular mapping.更多还原