【摘要】 采用浓缩海水与自来水调配的基础海水,以凡纳滨对虾Ⅲ期糠虾幼体(M3)作为试验对象,在小范围(0~100 mg/L)内调节育苗用水中Ca2+、Mg2+浓度,以L9(34)正交表设计,研究育苗用水中不同Ca2+、Mg2+浓度对凡纳滨对虾M3育成仔虾(P10)的成活率和生长的影响。结果表明,在相同饲养条件下,Ca2+浓度为494 mg/L时,增重效果显著(P<0.05);Mg2+浓度为1185 mg/L的增重效果显著优于1135 mg/L水平;Ca2+浓度为444 mg/L和494 mg/L时,对提高M3育成P1和P10的成活效果均具有显著作用(P<0.01);Mg2+浓度为1185 mg/L、Ca2+浓度为494 mg/L(镁钙比值R=2.40)的交互作用对提高M3育成P10的成活效果最佳(P<0.01);Ca2+浓度分别为444、494 mg/L时,其R值可适范围分别为2.67~2.78和2.30~2.50。同时育苗水体中Ca2+与Mg2+浓度及Mg2+/Ca2+均应达到合适的值,方能满足凡纳滨对虾幼体生长发育的需要。在试验浓度梯度范围内,Ca2+是影响凡纳滨对虾增重和成活的主要因子,但对增长无显著影响(P>0.05),其可适范围为444~494 mg/L;Mg2+对凡纳滨对虾生长的影响均不显著;Ca2+与Mg2+浓度的交互作用显著影响M3育成P10的成活率。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects of small range of changes of Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations(0-100 mg/L) on the survival rate and growth were studied in the larvae from the mysis III(M3) to the postlarval 10(P10) stages of Litopenaeus vannamei.Larvae were raised in artificial water prepared from condensed sea water and tap water.Our results showed that under similar rearing conditions,494 mg/L of Ca2+ significantly increased the weight(growth)(P<0.05) of the larvae;Larvae reared at 1185 mg/L of Mg2+ grew significantly faster than at 1135 mg/L.444 mg/L and 494 mg/L of Ca2+ significantly increased the survival rate of larvae from the M3 to the P10 stages(P <0.01).At 444 mg/L and 494 mg/L of Ca2+,the ratio of Mg2+/ Ca2+(R-value) could be in the ranges of 2.67-2.78 and 2.30-2.50 respectively.Our results demonstrated that both concentrations of Ca2+ and Mg2+ and the ratios of Mg2+/ Ca2+ must be in certain range for the development and growth of Litopenaeus vannamei.Within the small range of the changes in their concentrations,Ca2+ affected the weight and the survival,but not growth(P> 0.05),with the most suitable range from 444 mg/L to 494 mg/L.Mg2+ did not show any effect on the growth.The combination of Ca2+ Mg2+ affected the survival rate of Litopenaeus vannamei from M3 to P10 stages.更多还原