【摘要】 目的:对坐式排球运动员进行腰背肌筋膜炎损伤检查与积极治疗,并制定有效措施预防腰背肌筋膜炎损伤的发生,以提高其成绩水平。方法:实验于2006-03/07于鲁东大学体育学院完成。①选取2006年参加山东省残疾人运动会的烟台队坐式排球运动员22名,男12名,女10名,平均年龄(27±2)岁。②对22名坐式排球运动员进行腰背肌筋膜炎损伤状况检查,病历需要详细注明受伤原因、腰背部肌肉筋膜的痛点及运动障碍、确定损伤性质是急性还是慢性、确定损伤位置、抗阻力实验是否为阳性。③检查完毕后,对存在腰背肌筋膜炎损伤的运动员采用日本温热式低周波治疗器+外敷中药治疗。温热式低周波治疗器主要选择拍打、推压、按摩、左右变换按揉,每次治疗时间为15min,温度控制在38～43℃,将(-)导子放在痛点部位,(+)导子放在阿是穴、肾俞、命门、腰眼等相应的治疗穴位上。中药以散寒活血祛瘀止痛为主,将川乌头、天南星、生半夏、乳香、没药、独活、马钱子、红花等混合研成粉状,加入体积分数为0.75的乙醇搅拌成糊状,用沙布制成直径约15cm饼状态物,敷于患处,6～12d为1个疗程。④治疗结束后,对所有队员1年的训练过程制定预防腰背肌筋膜炎的有效措施,即训练中加强腰背部肌肉力量和伸展性;通过温热式低周波治疗器+推拿按摩促进腰背部肌肉筋膜的放松及疲劳恢复;训练中采用肌肉牵伸性练习,注意避免牵拉过度;建立急性运动损伤档案,尽量减少急性损伤转变为慢性损伤的可能性。结果:①腰背肌筋膜炎的患病率:烟台队22名坐式排球运动员中,10名存在腰背肌筋膜炎损伤,患病率45.5%,损伤部位集中在腰背部和颈部。②腰背肌筋膜炎损伤治疗结果:采用日本温热式低周波治疗器+外敷中药治疗一两个疗程后效果良好,10名腰背肌筋膜炎损伤运动员中9名痊愈,治愈率90%。③采取预防措施后运动员腰背肌筋膜炎的发生情况:训练中采取预防措施,1年后22名坐式排球运动员腰背肌筋膜炎损伤得到明显控制,腰背肌筋膜炎患病率为29.3%,与治疗预防前比较下降16.2%,效果显著。结论:坐式排球运动损伤部位集中在腰背部和颈部,腰背肌筋膜炎是常发病。针对发病原因及时治疗并给予有效预防措施,可明显降低腰背肌筋膜炎损伤发生率,对其运动训练能力和比赛成绩的提高均具有积极意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 AIM: To check and cure back myofascitis in font volleyball players, and plan effective preventive measures to improve the achievement of the players. METHODS: The experiment was carried out in College of Physical Education, Ludong University from March to July 2006. ①Twenty-two font volleyball players, including 12 males and 10 females, aged (27±2) years, who participated in the Games for Disabled of Shandong Province in 2006 as member of Yantai Team, were selected. ②The back myofascitis of subjected were checked, and the following information was recorded in detail in case history, such as the injury cause, pain spots, motor disturbance, chronic or acute injury, injury location, positive or not in resistance test. ③After the check, the players with back myofascitis were treated with the Japanese Tempid medical treatment device and external application of Chinese herb. The device was used to lap, jostle, massage, and press left and right, 15 minutes each time at 38-43 ℃; the (-) guide was put onto the pain spots, and the (+) one put on corresponding acupoints such as Ahshi, Shenshu, Mingmen, and Yanyan, ect. The Chinese herb that could dispel cold, promote blood circulation by removing blood stasis, and relieve pain, was powder composed of common monkshood root, arisaematis, pinelliae tuber, mastix, myrrh, pubescent angelica root, curare, and carthamus tinctorius, which was mixed with 0.75 volume fraction alcohol to make into a flat shape of 15 cm with gauze. The herb was stuck on to the affected site for 6 to 12 days as a course. ④After the treatment, the effective precaution measures were developed for the players in one-year-treatment. They should reinforce the strength and stretch of the back muscle in training, to relieve and recover the back myofascitis with device and massage, apply the traction while training in case of injury, establish the file for players with acute injury, and try to avoid the possibility from being acute injury to chronic one. RESULTS: ①Among 22 volleyball players, 10 suffered back myofascitis mainly in back and neck, accounted for 45.5%. ②After one to two courses treatment with the device and Chinese herb, 9 of the 10 injured player were cured completely with the cure rate of 90%. ③The precaution measures were effective in the process of training, as one year later, the back myofascitis was better controlled in the 22 players, and the injury rate was 29.3%, decreased 16.2% compared with that before. CONCLUSION: Most vulnerable parts for players are back and neck, and back myofascitis is a common disease. Precaution and immediate treatment according to the causes could effectively reduce the incidence of back myofascitis, which is significant to improve the training competence and competition achievement.更多还原