【摘要】 对植物挥发性物质的化学成分及其抵抗微生物的能力以及与生态学相关可能产生的增效作用进行了研究。通过采用活体采气法收集20种园林植物的挥发性物质,利用气质联用仪测定物质成分结果,再进一步做抑菌作用研究。根据测定结果,实验最终确定的抑菌化学成分有:间羟基苯甲酸(m-hydroxybenzoic acid),水杨酸甲酯(methyl salicylate),邻苯二酚(catechol),乙酸(acetic acid),乙醚(acetaldehyde),丙烯酸(acrylic acid),乙硫醚(diethyl sulphide),莰酮-〔2〕(camphanone-2),莰醇-〔2〕(borneol-2)。同时,采用纸片扩散法和MIC(最小抑菌浓度)法对药品进行抑菌实验。结果表明:莰酮-〔2〕(樟脑)的抑菌效果最显著也最全面,水杨酸甲酯的抑菌效果最不显著也最不全面。丙烯酸、邻苯二酚、莰酮—[2]的最佳抑制细菌是金黄色葡萄球菌和酵母菌,质量浓度为0.156×10-3 mg.L-1时即可有效抑制这些微生物的繁殖,可根据这一特点,在医疗、食品中加以运用。从环境生态学角度看,在某些以空气传播的流行性疾病的多发地,特别是在呼吸道疾病曼延的地区,多栽种一些抑菌作用较强的植物(如银杏、香樟、枫香、海桐等),对疾病的控制有很强的现实意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper studied on the chemical composition of the volatile substance of the plant,its resisted ability to the microorganism and the effect enhancement to ecology.The volatile gas of twenty kinds of common gardening plants were collected by using the live-body sample method,its ingredients were mensured using GC/MS,then the bacteriostasis function were researched.According to the results,the bacteriostasis chemical composition which the experiment finally determined included: m-hydroxybenzoic acid,methyl salicylate,catechol,acetic acid,acetaldehyde,acrylic acid,diethyl sulphide,camphanone-2,borneol-2.Moreover,by using the methods of the bacteriostatic ring and minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC),the bacteriostatic ability to the bacterias was tested.The results showed that Camphanone-2 exhibited the strongest and most-general antifungal activity,while Methyl salicylate just exhibit low antifungal activity against Staphylocous aureus and Escherichia coli.Acrylic acid,camphanone-2 and catechol displayed excellent antifungal activities against Staphylocous aureus and Canadida albicans,respectively,and restrained these microorganism reproducing availably,when the antioxidants concentration was 0.156×10-3 mg.L-1.This trait can be applied to medical treatment and food antiseptic.In the eyes of environmental ecology,growing more plants,which have stronger antifungal activity to the bacterias,such as Ginkgo biloba,Cinnamomum camphora,Liquidambar formosana,Pittosporum tobira,etc,is of great practical significanc to control the disease,at some deliver district more by the epidemic disease of air dissemination,especially in the area of spreading respiratory disease.更多还原