【摘要】 利用红外测温仪,于2005～2006年在甘肃陇东旱原研究了我国北方冬麦区域的23个小麦品种(系)灌浆不同时期冠层温度的差异及其与产量和水分利用效率的关系。结果表明,不同基因型小麦在籽粒灌浆结实期存在着冠层温度高度分异的现象,其分异程度随灌浆过程的进行明显加大,到灌浆中后期达到最大。无论灌浆初期还是中期或中后期,旱地冬小麦产量、水分利用效率与冠层温度均呈极显著的负相关(R2=0.445-0.812),并且随着灌浆期推移,相关性增大,灌浆中后期冠层温度每升高1℃,旱地冬小麦产量减少近280 kg hm-2,水分利用效率下降约0.6 kg hm-2mm-1。灌浆中期以后不同基因型小麦冠层温度保持较高的一致性,冠层温度偏低的品种具有较高的产量和水分利用效率。灌浆中后期的冠层温度在评价小麦产量和水分利用效率上具有较高的可靠性,可作为一个田间选择指标应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Canopy temperature(CT) has been considered as a physiological indicator of plant fitness,and can be used as an effective tool in screening wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) for water use efficiency(WUE) and high yield.Field studies were conducted at Zhenyuan,Gansu,China,in 2005-2006 to examine the differences in CT and the relationships between CT to grain yield and WUE in winter wheat genotypes.Twenty three winter wheat genotypes(supplied by North China Winter Wheat Performance Tests Program) were grown under a dryland condition.CTs were recorded during early to mid-late grain filling stage between 1.30 pm and 3.30 pm on 3 clear days with a portable infrared thermometer.Genotypes showed considerable differences in CT,the differences increased with the development of plant and the maximum differences were observed at mid-late grain filling stage.Among the genotypes studied,a highly negative regression between CT and grain yield/WUE(R2 =0.445-0.812) was established,no matter in early or middle or mid-late grain filling stage and the R2 values increased as grain filling proceeded.Grain yield reduced by about 280 kg hm-2 and WUE reduced by 0.6 kg hm-2 mm-1 respectively when CT increased 1 ℃ at mid-late grain filling stage.These results clearly indicated genotypes maintained a consistent CT after middle grain filling,indicating some genotypes with high-yield and high-WUE consistently had low CTs,whereas the low-yield and low-WUE genotypes had high CTs.Regression results suggested that,to use CT as an parameter to estimate yield and WUE,the best time to take the measurement is at mid-late grain filling stage.The highly negative regression between CT and yield/WUE also suggested that CT can be used by breeding programs as a potential selection criterion for grain yield and WUE in wheat.更多还原