【摘要】 本试验对农业上广泛使用的酰胺类除草剂甲基胺草磷,在1～4mg·L-1浓度下,对蚕豆幼苗胚根的生长抑制效应、根尖分生组织细胞染色体结构变异及蛋白质组分变化进行了研究。结果发现,在1～2mg·L-1浓度下,可以观察到影响幼苗胚根生长和部分细胞中的染色体结构变异现象,在4mg·L-1浓度下,幼苗胚根生长被严重抑制,由对照组的(4.55±0.61)cm降至(0.92±0.022)cm。在4mg·L-1浓度下处理的根尖分生组织细胞中,多极分裂细胞的出现频率为9.4%;染色体桥、断片和滞后染色体的出现频率为2.8%。双向电泳分析结果表明,6个新的蛋白质斑点,(78kDa/pI8.0,76kDa/pI7.8,35kDa/pI7.3,32kDa/pI6.8,30kDa/pI7.2,28kDa/pI6.9)被诱导产生,1个蛋白质斑点,36kDa/pI5.8的含量减少。幼苗生长受抑,染色体结构变异和蛋白质组分变化可以认为与甲基胺草磷的处理有关。本研究从细胞学与生物化学水平上对甲基胺草磷的作用机理做了比较研究,发现3～4mg·L-1的甲基胺草磷是临界浓度,可以抑制蚕豆幼苗的生长、分生组织细胞染色体结构变异和蛋白质组分变化。上述研究结果可为农业上合理、安全使用酰胺类除草剂提供试验依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects of phosphoric amide herbicide amiprophose-methyl (APM,at concentrations of 1~4 mg·L-1),which was used wildly in agriculture,on root growth,chromosome structure and protein composition in root meristems of vicia faba were studied. The results showed that the root growth was inhibited and chromosome structure variation in some cells was induced when seedlings were treated with 1~2 mg·L-1 APM,and the root growth was severely inhibited from (4.55±0.61)cm (control) to(0.92±0.022)cm at 4 mg·L-1. Frequencies of multipolar division cell were 9.4%,and bridges,fragments and lagging chromosome were 2.8%. 2D-PAGE analysis showed that 6 new protein spots with a molecular weight and pI of 78 kDa/pI8.0,76 kDa/pI7.8,35 kDa/pI7.3,32 kDa/pI6.8,30 kDa/pI7.2,28 kDa/PI6.9 were induced and the protein content of 1 protein spot(36 kDa/pI5.8) was decreased in the root meristem at 4 mg·L-1 APM. The inhibition effect of seedling growth,chromosome structure variation and protein composition changes were directly related to APM treatment. The threshold concentration was 3~4 mg·L-1.The comparative studies on the action mechanism of APM at cytological and biochemical level may provide basis for the safe and reasonable application of APM in agriculture.更多还原