【摘要】 分析了当前我国杂交棉应用状况及其作用地位;从杂种优势的遗传特性、生化和分子基础等方面综述了杂种优势机理研究进展;回顾了我国了棉花杂交种选育及制种方法研究所取得的成就;同时指出我国当前杂交棉应用中存在的问题,并根据已有的工作基础提出了我国棉花杂种优势利用今后发展方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 Heterosis is a common phenomenon in biology kingdom.Early in 1400,the book important arts for the people,s welfare written by Chinese agronomist Jia Xixie recorded such fact that the mule by cross of female horse and male donkey was stronger than its parents.This was an early example of heterosis utilization.Since the concept "heterosis" was put forward by Shull in 1914,many scientists early or late studied and discussed utilization of crop heterosis.After America first utilized maize hybrid in field on a large scale in 1930s,heterosis of other crops such as rice,sorghum,rape,vegetable etc began to widely be used in production.Widely utilization of corp heterosis was a great achievement in crop breeding last century,which contributed to notable increasing of crop yield.The paper analyzed cotton production general situation and role by utilizing cotton heterosis in China;the study progress on cotton heterosis mechanism were summarized from heterosis inherent character,physiological and biochemical,molecular basis;the achievement on cotton hybrids breeding and producing hybrid seeds method were reviewed,too.On the basis of the cotton heterosis utilization problem and study status,the paper presented the development direction of China cotton hybrid breeding and utilization for the future.更多还原