【摘要】 运用福利经济学和微观经济学中的市场结构理论,分析了碳税的概念和森林碳汇市场交易双方的外部性特征,认为森林碳汇市场的作用是纠正排污企业和林农造林的正外部性。目前森林碳汇市场属于买方寡占市场,政府需要设计合适的碳税政策,对排污企业征收碳税,使企业在缴纳碳税和购买森林碳汇之间选择。长期来看,企业会选择提高资本或劳动力的使用来替代对环境的污染,直至达到每种生产投入经过单位成本调整后的边际产出相等。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the theory of Welfare Economics and market structure theory this paper analysis the concept of carbon tax and externality of the consumers and producers in the forests carbon sink market, belive that the impact of the market is correcting externality, prove that the forests carbon sink market is oligopsony at presant. So the government need evolve carbon tax policy that the factory must make a choice between carbon tax and carbon sink. The carbon tax policy will improve the cost of the factory, so that the small enterprises which is the high pollution, the high energy consumption will be eliminated. Otherwise the large firms will use advanced technologies in order to reduce emissions. In the long run the firm will make the chioce that pollution is substitued by improving the share of capital and labor up to marginal products of all production inputs must be equal when these products are adjusted by the unit cost of each input.更多还原