【摘要】 国土安全涉及到流体力学的广泛应用,并为其研究发展提供了诸多机遇.本评论选择列举了流体力学在反恐领域的各类课题,还建议了今后的研究方向.课题范围从防备、遏制策划中的恐怖袭击,一直到探测、应对和恢复.具体的内容则包括飞机加固,爆炸缓冲,传感器取样,爆炸物探测,微流控和芯片实验室,城市环境中化学羽流弥散以及建筑物通风等.此外,本文还讨论了蒸气羽流与远距探测,非致命武器,疾病空气传播,人员防护装备以及污染移除问题.涉及这类的应用,要求流体力学家跨越传统领域的边界,进行交叉学科研究,特别是要结合化学、生物学、气溶胶学与大气科学协同工作.更多还原

【Abstract】 Homeland security involves many applications of fluid mechanics and offers many opportunities for research and development.This review explores a wide selection of fluids topics in counterterrorism and suggests future directions.Broad topics range from preparedness and deterrence of impending terrorist attacks to detection,response,and recovery.Specific topics include aircraft hardening,blast mitigation,sensors and sampling,explosive detection,microfluidics and labs-on-a-chip,chemical plume dispersal in urban settings, and building ventilation.Also discussed are vapor plumes and standoff detection,nonlethal weapons,airborne disease spread,personal protective equipment,and decontamination.Involvement in these applications requires fluid dynamicists to think across the traditional boundaries of the field and to work with related disciplines, especially chemistry,biology,aerosol science,and atmospheric science.更多还原