【摘要】 目的评价气道内金属支架植入治疗支气管结核伴一侧全肺不张的疗效及安全性。方法对9例因支气管结核引起支气管管腔完全闭塞、一侧全肺不张患者,采用微波、高频电、球囊扩张加气道内金属支架植入治疗,分别在支架植入后1周及4～6个月期间观察患者气道狭窄段的腔径。结果9例支气管结核患者于支架植入后3d内,原先不张的患肺均完全复张;在支架植入7d后,原闭塞支气管的腔径恢复至(9.17±1.24)mm:9例患者中有3例出现了不同程度的肉芽增殖再狭窄,采用腔内冷冻治疗,同时配合定期的球囊扩张,可有效控制再狭窄。结论对于支气管结核所致的一侧全肺不张患者,与传统外科手术相比,腔内金属支架植入疗法可以有效地保护患者的肺功能,是有效、安全、微创的治疗方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the effect and safety of intraluminal stent implantation in the treatment of complete airway obstruction with unilateral pulmonary atelectasis caused by endobronchial tuberculosis(EBTB). Methods 9 cases of pulmonary atelectasis caused by EBTB were treated with high-frequency electricity/microwave,balloon dilation and endobronchial stent implantation. At the time of 1 week and 4-6 months after stenting ,the diameters of stenotic segment were measured. Results All 9 cases with atelectasis of EBTB showed complete re-expansion within 3 days after the stent implantation. The mean diameter of the stenotic segments of 9 EBTB patients increased to 9.17 ± 1.24 mm at 7th day after stent implantation; 3 of 9 EBTB patients occured mild restenosis after implantation of tracheobronchial stents.However,combination therapy of cryotherapy and balloon dilation can effectively prevent the aggravation of restenosis. Conclusion Comparing with traditional surgical treatment,the intraluminal stent implantation for atelectasis caused by EBTB is a new,effective,safe and microtraumatic method with reliable preservation of pulmonary function.(J Intervent Radiol,2007,16: 681-684)更多还原