【摘要】 研究了湖北九连墩楚墓青铜器(300BC)的钎焊技术。肉眼观察发现钎焊接头方式为榫接方式,一些焊缝被处理光滑、致密,具有热处理的特点,存在着底部注入式和侧面注入式的钎料浇口设计方式。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线荧光光谱(XRF)、扫描电镜能谱(SEM-EDX)和差示扫描量热法(DSC)等现代科技手段研究了钎料。结果表明,钎料为不同配比的Pb-Sn合金,杂质含量很少,平均配比为73Pb:27Sn,为高Pb低Sn合金;合金组织呈现铸造形态,表明当时采用了浇注钎料熔液的钎焊方式,部分钎料的熔点在180~186℃之间,钎料的低工作温度说明它们不适合高温蒸煮,这类器物的制作目的是作为礼器。更多还原

【Abstract】 The oldering technique of Bronzes Excavated from Jiuliandun Tomb of Warring States in Chinese Hubei Province was investigated. According to naked-eye observation, it was concluded the welded splice used mortise-tenons, with smooth and crinkly soldered joint by thermal processing and that the pouring gates were designed at the bottom or the side wall. The solders were investigated using diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray detection and differential scanning calorimetry. Results show that solders were composed of Pb-Sn alloys with average mixture ration about Pb73 and Sn27 by XRF analysis, and the phase was as-cast microstructure observed by SEM, which indicated ancient people poured melting solder to connect different bronze parts, and the melting point of some solders existing in 180-186 ℃ by DSC, which meant they had low work temperature and the aim to produce them just were used as bronze sacrificial ware.更多还原