【摘要】 目的:了解中小学生用眼习惯与负担,探讨这些因素对近视的影响。方法:对北京市4424名中小学生进行问卷调查及电脑验光测其双眼屈光度,采用Epidata3.0及SPSS 13.0软件对数据资料进行统计分析。结果:验光数据完整的4218名学生中正视的有775人,近视的学生为2888人,患病率为68.50%。用眼习惯与负担的调查,显示正视学生与近视学生在平时看书写字时眼睛和书本的距离、看书写字的姿势、平时看书写字是否主动休息和平均每天学习时间上的差异有统计学意义(P=0.001)。结论:中小学生近视患病率较高,不良的用眼习惯和用眼负担对近视的发病有很大的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate the impacts of eye care habits and vision burden on myopia among primary and high school students.Methods: 4 424 students in primary and middle schools in Beijing participated in the questionnaire survey and had their eyesight checked using auto-refraction-computer.The Epidata3.0 and SPSS 13.0 software were applied for the statistic analysis.Results: Of 4 218 students who presented with complete eyesight results,775 were with emmetropia and 2 888 with myopia(68.50%).Significant differences in eye-to-book distance and body posture while reading,habits of self-initiated refreshment and mean hours of vision burden at daily tasks were found between emmetropic and myopic students(P=0.001).Conclusion: Improper eye care habits and heavy burden of vision may be responsible for the high prevalence of myopia among primary and high school students.更多还原