【摘要】 野外实际测量中,难免有大误差甚至粗差的存在。因此,在进行内业处理前必须对测量成果检核。本文通过增加虚拟观测值将各种导线形式转化为闭合环,在计算闭合差时又将所有的闭合环转化成为无定向导线。实际算例表明,本文提出的算法编程简单,结果正确。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the field surveying,errors and blunders are inevitable.Therefore,it is necessary to examine the results of observation before next process.In this paper,all kinds of traverses are transformed by adding virtual observed value.And Closed-loops should be translated into several astatic traverses when closing errors are calculated.Numerical experiments show that the algorithm proposed here is feasible,accurate,and especially easy for programming implement.更多还原