【摘要】 目的:采用水蒸气蒸馏法及超临界 CO₂流体萃取法从白苏叶中提取挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对其化学成分进行分析。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法与超临界 CO₂流体萃取法从白苏叶中提取挥发油,采用不同类型的毛细管柱进行分析,找出最佳条件,用归一化法测定其百分含量。并用气相色谱-质谱法对化学成分进行鉴定。色谱条件:SE-54毛细管柱（30m×0.25mm,0.25μm）;程序升温:初始温度60℃,保持4min,以12℃·min^-1升至180℃,保持2min,再以5℃·min^-1升至250℃,保持50min;分流进样,分流比30:1;进样口温度280℃。结果:水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油共鉴定了45种成分,占挥发油总成分的88%以上;超临界 CO₂流体萃取法提取的挥发油共鉴定了53种成分,占挥发油总成分的88%以上。结论:超临界CO₂流体萃取法提取的挥发油能更真实、全面地反映药材中的化学成分。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:The essential oils were extracted from Perilla frutescens（L.）Britton.by steam distillation （SD）and supercritical fluid extraction（SFE）.The chemical components of essential oil were analyzed by GC/MS. Method:The essential oils were extracted from Perilla frutescens（L.）Britton.by SD and SFE,the components were analyzed with different kinds of capillary columns,the optimum separated and analytical conditions were studied and the amount of the components from the essential oil were determined by normalization method.The components sep- arated were identified by GC/MS.Chromatographic conditions were:Capillary columns SE-54（30 m×0.25 mm, 0.25μm）;Program temperature:initial column temperature 60℃,maintained 4 min,and increased to 180℃ at the rate of 12℃·min^-1,held 2 min.Then the temperature was increased to 250℃ at the rate of 5℃·min^-1, held 50 min;Split injection,split ratio 30:1;Injector temperature 280℃.Results:There were 45 components from Perilla frutescens（L.）Britton.by SD that composed of about 88% of the total essential oil were separated and iden- tiffed;There were 53 components from Perillafrutescens（L.）Britton.by SFE that composed of about 88% of the to- tal essential oil were separated and identified.Conclusion:The result got by SFE method can reflect the chemical components of the medicinal materials more accurately and more comprehensively.更多还原