【摘要】 测量数据处理中经常有些先验信息可以利用,这些先验信息可以总结成等式或不等式。附等式约束的平差理论目前已经十分成熟,因而如果是等式约束,则可用附等式约束的间接平差方法来处理。但如果是不等式约束,则计算相对困难。Holland等人提出的遗传算法在最优化计算中取得了非常好的效果,本文尝试将遗传算法引入附不等式约束的平差计算中。本文首先介绍了附不等式约束的最小二乘平差模型,分析了基于遗传算法解决该问题的理论依据,进而通过用内罚函法将不等式约束平差转化为无约束平差,以方便运用遗传算法,最终调用Matlab遗传工具箱来求解平差结果。通过实例分析,该算法同其它常用的算法进行比较,证明该方法具有快速的收敛性,求解结果良好。更多还原

【Abstract】 In survey data processing,sometimes,there has prior information that can be used.This prior information can be expressed by equality or inequality constraints on the parameters.The equality_constrained adjustment theory has been maturated and comprehended,so if the constraints are equality,the problem can be solved by the equality_constrained indirect adjustment theory.However,if the constraints are linear inequality,the problems become liner inequality constrained adjustment(LICA) and the computation will be very difficult.Genetic algorithms(GA,Holland,1975) has shown a great effect on the field of optimization,so this paper is trying to introduce the GA into LICA theory.It firstly presents the LICA problem.Then it analyzes the combination principle of GA and LICA and transforms the inequality constraints to equality constraints by inner penalty function for GA operation.At the last,the adjustment is carried out with the help of Matlab GA toolbox.Example shows that this algorithm is feasible.更多还原